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Ohio - OGT - Spring 2004 - Science

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  • A scientist’s paper is rejected by a journal because the paper did not reveal key details about the experiment she performed to get her results. What ethical argument could the editor give for this rejection?

    Sample collection had been done by a graduate student.
    The scientist’s findings were similar to results reported for other species.
    The scientist had repeated her experiment several times with identical results.
    Other scientists would not be able to verify her findings without more information.


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  • Architects are working with engineers to build a lecture hall. How can they design it so that echoes are reduced and speech is not heard as garbled sounds?

    build smooth marble walls, ceilings and polished floors
    construct many flat walls, angled ceilings and smooth floors
    use an ultramodern design of metal walls, pillars and seats
    build walls out of porous materials, upholster the seats and add carpets


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  • The feature that identifies an organism as a prokaryote is

    the presence of ribosomes
    the absence of chlorophyll.
    the presence of a cell membrane.
    the absence of a nuclear membrane.


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  • If the experiment is repeated and the only difference is that twice as much ice (146.0 g) is added to the container of water, the students will observe what difference from Experiment 1?

    Any remaining ice will sink to the bottom of the container.
    The water in the container will be colder at the end of the experiment.
    The temperature will fall faster during the last 15 minutes of the experiment.
    A significantly larger amount of ice will melt in the last 15 minutes of the experiment.


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  • When the ice was added to the water in the container, several energy transfers occurred. Considering only the contents of the container, what would be a likely sequence (order) of energy transfers?

    Water transferred energy to the ice as the ice melted.
    Water transferred energy to the air as the ice increased in temperature.
    Ice transferred energy to the air which then lowered the temperature of the water.
    Ice transferred energy to the water which lowered the temperature of the water.


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  • During the first 15 minutes of Experiment 1, the water molecules in the container

    decreased in average speed.
    changed the type of bonds present in the water.
    changed shape because the temperature changed.
    increased in oxygen content compared to the hydrogen content.


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  • An ecologist observes that an area in California has experienced an increase in average soil moisture content. The area was once dominated by incense cedar but is now home to a greater variety of trees. Which types of trees would the ecologist most likely observe in this area if the soil moisture content has risen to 30%?

    madrone and California bay
    Douglas fir and madrone
    incense cedar and big-leaf maple
    coast redwood and big-leaf maple


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  • A scientist observes that Douglas fir trees survive better than broadleaf species such as big-leaf maple in a certain area. Which is the best explanation for her observation?

    Big-leaf maple trees require less soil moisture than Douglas fir trees.
    Douglas fir trees are better at conserving water than big-leaf maple trees.
    Douglas fir trees and big-leaf maple trees are often found in overlapping habitats.
    The big-leaf maple trees are experiencing competition with California Bay trees.


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  • A survey of a small coastal valley in California finds only Douglas fir, madrone, and coast redwood. The soil moisture availability in this valley is most likely to be

    0 – 20%.
    20 – 40%.
    40 – 80%.
    60 – 80%.


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  • In most areas of Ohio, the frost-free growing season is 150 to 180 days. Farms close to Lake Erie have a growing season closer to 200 days. One explanation of this fact is that

    crops grown around the lake are frost-resistant.
    industries around the lake prevent early freezes.
    irrigation water from the lake freezes at a lower temperature.
    heat given off by the lake extends the number of frost-free days.


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  • A student is constructing a classification scheme to explain the biological relationships between common local animals. What characteristic would be most helpful to the student in classifying the animals?

    eye color
    body covering
    performs respiration
    performs photosynthesis


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  • Points A, B, C and D in the drawing below represent an asteroid’s position during its orbit around the sun.



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  • Use the sequence of pictures to answer question 16. At what step in the fission process is a massive amount of energy released?

    1
    2
    3
    4


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  • Two processes that allow cells to release energy from food are

    mitosis and meiosis.
    excretion and diffusion.
    fermentation and cellular respiration.
    osmosis and spontaneous generation.


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  • What energy transformation occurs in green plants during photosynthesis?

    Thermal energy is converted to electrical energy.
    Thermal energy is converted to light energy.
    Chemical energy is converted to mechanical energy.
    Light energy is converted to chemical energy.


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